Causes of HCV infection
“I am now more than 400 alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin 22.9, the virus content of 3.5 × 103″ This group has been quantified data, two years ago, Li Yang, the military broke into the lives of the peasants, in determining that he had contracted hepatitis C after life completely changed, he came to learn how to use these are not very accurate medical terminology to describe their condition.
Hot weather, although the whole body feels weak, dizzy Hu Hu heads, but he insisted the contract in their own ground to do the farm work, because he is the most important labor at home.
Heilongjiang Hailin Changting ancient villages and towns rather an ancient village, in fact “is a natural villages,” twin appointment in a country road, fresh Han lived here, “hepatitis C” became a private topic. Li Yang Jun told to “look to the East Weekly”: “the village people who get hepatitis C more than year after year, many people got hepatitis C would not say that, especially among young people or children, are afraid married after bad.” A hepatitis C Patients complained to the reporter, said that since people know he was suffering from hepatitis C, or even nobody wants, and he sat in a table playing mahjong.
Village, how many people are infected with hepatitis C?
June 24, Hailin Chen and Jing Health Bureau, said to the reporter because it involves patient privacy, the two villages the number of people infected with hepatitis C can not be revealed.
In the villagers try to speculate on rumors spreading in the wild, the villagers began to believe in the “village cadres and the relatives of right hepatitis C are 98.”
Reporter obtained a “Changting zhenning Hailin Middle Kingdom, ancient village of HCV Infection Survey” expert opinion indicates that: (ancient city, Ning Gu 2 Village), 408 volunteers serological detection of the villagers, infection with C liver virus, there are 56 people, infection rate 13.7%, far higher than the national, Heilongjiang Province, northeast China, as well as the average level, indicating the village for the local hepatitis C virus infection in highly endemic areas.
Involved in epidemiological survey report of the expert appraisal, the National Center for Disease Control Prevention and Control of hepatitis B virus, deputy director Zhang Yong of correspondents to accept a telephone interview, said: “This is absolutely the proportion of infections is very high, far exceeding the normal level, there are popular of the possible. ”
Reported for so long, how no one search
Everything is reported to start from the Yang-jun.
How will suffer from hepatitis C? Stubborn Li Yang Jun began to think about their own illness exclusion reasons, the result is only a speculation, that is, the village doctor, Huang into clinics when cross-contamination. He told “look the East Weekly”: “I am in 2003 and 2006 inspections hepatitis C are normal, August 3, 2007, check out is a positive.” Convinced him to some anomalies, Huang’s spread into the clinic is the source of hepatitis C .
He recalled that when Huang into a clinic for treatment of many doubts: Yellow not even once in front of him apart over a one-time infusion; nor have I seen the needle on plastic protection cover, but added prior to injection needles with alcohol wipe; per-use a one-time infusion tubes are straight, the new open the packaging should be curved; infusion mist inside a small gourd and, according to life experience must be at least half an hour will produce fog.
At this point, doubt, Huang Cheng clinic is the source of HCV spread rumors have been spread in a small village a long time.
Patients with Wu Jinbo think so, he assessed Huang as “a medicine, no medical ethics.” He described the experience of his medical treatment, said: “I am the first day of injection using this needle, I suspect that he, I was burning with a cigarette, the next injection the next day, also used the needle, then do not know this thing, it would have Retention, Now out is not on the list. ”
As early as February 2008, Li Yang Army would have Mudanjiang Municipal Health Bureau, several anonymous Huang dropper into a health clinic there is no change, extraction spread hepatitis C, he provided a list of 13 patients requiring the departments concerned ” rituals. ” Tel apart, Wang Dan apparently did not realize the seriousness of this matter, telling him that belongs to “leapfrog” but can be conveyed to handle, and soon the town of Hailin, and Changting health personnel in the village survey, did not draw the conclusion that die a natural death.
These reports and subsequent reports are clearly less successful, reflecting issues such as fallen on barren ground, on the contrary has been holding informer informer’s wife, provided the list of hepatitis C infection and began door-to-verify. Li Yang Jun said angrily: “Report for so long, how no one check?”
In December 2008, Li Yang Ning village with an army to issue a report on behalf of the villagers letter words earnestly: “I have reflected on the case, I urge city leaders to investigate and handle the village, which is a major event in human life, such as the do not investigate, I wonder how many innocent people suffering from disease, suffering from hepatitis C is too painful, loss of ability to work, the patient’s burden of too much, as a farmer can not afford up to 1.5 million a year for medical expenses, and now Some farmers have government can not afford, and so they only lead to destruction. ”
“Compounding” in the official figure
Reported a letter sent after the CDC Hailin into the village of small-scale epidemiological survey, this epidemiological survey report on the results did not convey to the infected person.
Reporter investigations showed that Hailin CDC’s “Middle Kingdom on Hailin Changting Zhenning took place during the 2003-2007 epidemiological survey of 13 cases with hepatitis C report” There are two versions, one dated December 2008 8, version, stamped with the official seal. However, only nine patients with the investigation, no summary and recommendations. Another version of the survey report issued by the date of December 13, 2008, no seals, more “official seal version” more of the summary and recommendations. Summary narrative “These patients are at the village doctor (Dr. Wong) home treatment history (bit by bit, acupuncture and history), but the exact date can not be confirmed, one-time infusion was unable to collect,” suggesting that “Please superior departments in charge of organizing groups of experts to carry out epidemiological investigation, confirmed that “,” the village all the villagers to hepatitis C screening, hepatitis C prevalence of the villagers to find out. ”
Anticipating the results of epidemiological survey of patients began to rise to the Hailin City Health Bureau, “seek explanation.” The middle of an episode, so that hepatitis C is more distrust of the health bureau. Patients with Li Yang Jun told “look the East Weekly”: “Zhao Juchang means let us privately resolve.”
For the match, “compounding,” Chen Shui Hailin Health Bureau denied. Deputy Secretary Zhao Wengang explained to the reporter, as a public officer, he could not let this thing settle in private, they talk about and Health Bureau also does not matter, is the private sector. At that time a report is a reflection of want to see yellow side, because the yellow to avoid them, so let subordinates to contact them, see a face. Ridge told the history of four infected staff reporter, the health bureau said so and yellow things to talk about compounding, adding that compounding things so that they secrecy, saying that people would have had to go out later. Huang into the face of reporter only said that the Health Department to go to Ge Jia comfort.
Zhao Wengang statement to the infection, said: “The reason why so many people let you talk, If it is really inappropriate to talk about through once or twice, according to our procedure we have to go, we have to deal with this matter, but also reported level by level, if there are direct proof of evidence is his doing, he had to go, if even the experts can not be confirmed, it would end here, and he had no relationship. ”
Li Yang forces to provide a recording showed that Wong’s wife had come into his house and began to 1,000 yuan, said these payments, and later promised to give three individuals (Li Yang’s Army and the history of the mountains are his wife) 6000 yuan, but requested that money after the signature “issue and Huang least related to, “while the standard of compensation proposed by Li Yang, the military is 30 million, the two sides broke up,” compounding “of the grounding connection.
Test results false?
March 3, 2009, Zhao Wengang hepatitis C patients and final time to communicate.
The next day, Mudanjiang Hailin CDC Centers for Disease Control received a call: Li Yang, an ancient village in the city and military Changting zhenning 13 villagers petition alleging that the village, Huang Cheng clinic through long-term use of dirty syringes, droppers, tooth extraction, acupuncture and so on, so that they infected with hepatitis C virus. Asked the government to investigate, punish those responsible, compensation for economic losses. To do this, Mudanjiang CDC investigation. “Mudanjiang CDC immediately assigned to hospital infection control and epidemiology experts, three people go to Hailin assist in the investigation.
That night, two disease control department of the petitioners and some of the villagers, 24 were blood for hepatitis C virus. Mudanjiang Mudanjiang through the CDC and the Hospital for Infectious Diseases preliminary test, 9 were HCV antibody positive, a person uncertain. Tianhong Yan Hailin, deputy secretary of Party branch CDC, said: “It was felt that the proportion of relatively higher, in order to clarify the source of infection, and later our own money to go to Beijing to do typing.”
In the meantime, anxiously awaiting the test results in patients with multiple phone calls find out the results Changting Director Wang Ke-cheng Town, hospitals use a “head security” guarantees to enable patients to see the “red black and white chapter Beijing test results.” Infected with a slightly flat feeling.
March 20, in the subjects of repeated protests, Hailin copied countries and Mudanjiang CDC CDC’s hepatitis C virus nucleic acid and antibody test results for distribution to subjects. This copied the results are subjects suspected of fraud and chronic illness into the medical history of the four Ling told the Articles: “I am in Mudanjiang hospital for infectious diseases of viral nucleic acid test result was below the detection limit of 1.0 × 103, this is impossible, I have no use for a year of interferon down, and in this was also before and after the infectious disease hospital in Mudanjiang number of nucleic acid virus 5.6 × 105, how such a short time down, and can only be fake. ”
To discuss the original documents in the detection of unsuccessful cases, subjects with test results strengthened the idea of fraud to require a written response issued by the relevant departments.
Health survey results are given to the villagers answered: Village clinics are legitimate medical institutions, practitioners have engaged in medical activities of the qualifications and conditions; test results have been carried out to the villagers feedback; the village health clinic was not, caused by the spread of confirmed ; recommends aggressive treatment of the villagers.
March 30, the villagers held up “I would rather an ancient village hepatitis C outbreak of” signs to the City Health Bureau and the municipal government, and asked relevant departments to conduct screening the whole village.
HCV infection 20 years ago,
April 9 to 12, Hailin municipal government decided to rather an ancient village 431 people, ancient village of 148 people for a total of 579 resident population, screening for hepatitis C virus infection, the actual blood 408 and the rest refused to blood or not the village .
Hailin Municipal Party Committee Secretary Mali In an interview with “look the East Weekly” interview, said the results of epidemiological survey of 408 people infected with hepatitis C virus and 56 people, infection rate of 13.7%, far higher than the national, Heilongjiang Province, northeast China, as well as the average level of . Found in the village there are multiple risk factors for HCV infection, but there is no direct evidence that a factor which led to high hepatitis C prevalence of the village.
Our reporter learned that these hepatitis C patients with direct reporting of the network is not optimistic. In accordance with the relevant provisions of China’s fight against infectious disease, diagnosed hepatitis C cases must be reported to the network direct reporting system. The reporter inquired Hailin hepatitis C in recent years, report the situation: in 2009 (first half) 21, 2008 21 2007 30 2006 31 2005 37. Ning Gu, and the ancient city which screened out of two villages, only three people infected persons registered.
As for the hepatitis C screening out the need for advertised to the network direct reporting system, Hailin Tian Hongyan, deputy secretary of party branch CDC explained: “These most probably in HCV infection 20 years ago. Reporting needs hospital patients with clinical diagnosis of hepatitis C, and then straight on the network. ”
I understand that the hepatitis C virus incubation period is usually two weeks ~ 26 weeks, with an average 7.4 weeks.
May 19, World liver disease day, the villagers have been screening test results.
Screening resulting Ning and the ancient city of two ancient villages of the hepatitis C virus infection rates 13.7% higher than the Northeast average. Wei Zhi-hong, Deputy Mayor of Hailin not see things her to “look the East Weekly” said that China no previous hepatitis C screening, to find out if a remote village is now streaming tune, maybe even more than this.
The most basic health prevention and control weakness
”I knew I got hepatitis C, had to go to the village health clinic injections, there is no way for it.” Wen-Jun Chen says with resignation. Now, Wong’s clinic was shut down as the villagers have Hailin Chinese medicine hospital doctor on duty every day sent in the past.
Our reporter was informed that the investigation, in accordance with policy, Huang into an annual appointment with the township hospitals have signed contracts, financial year will be provided a “travel fee” 1,200 yuan for workers to subsidize their training routine. In accordance with long-term policy Mudanjiang, Huang percent of township hospitals clinics will gradually become a point located in the village.
As Hailin Ning ancient village of the ancient city of epidemiological survey report identifies two members of the Group, the National Center for Disease Control Prevention and Control of hepatitis B virus, deputy director Zhang told the reporter, hepatitis C prevention and control should be to work on, so as to Hua Xiaoqian doing big things. Identification done away, he made recommendations it is important to block the blood of transmission: part of the need to give active treatment,控制传染源; carriers, to conduct regular follow-up.
Hepatitis C spread, disease control departments turn a blind eye. Hailin Lu Quan-hua, director of CDC told the reporter, is petitioning the villagers reported to disease control department is aware of the case, then flow of tone. The Director of the Center for Disease Control and even wrongly classified into the Class C infectious diseases, hepatitis C, the reporter checked out the file with, he was admitted to be classified as Category B, is mistaken in its own.
With regard to the supervision of health clinics, Hailin Wei-Dong Lin, director of health supervision, said: “Each year the Authority at least once in the village health clinic.” Zhaowen Gang told the reporter, the monitoring of the 20 a few people, it is regulation, but to They are responsible for six items, supervise the village health clinic is just one of them.
Hailin municipal government has made it clear HCV positive aid the sick attitude. However, treatment of hepatitis C infection is responsible for the principal leaders Zhaowen Gang officers but could not say how many people needed help.
Later, another reporter encountered in the treatment of hepatitis C and to raise money to lease land to others to the 2013 Wu Jinbo, he calmly told the reporter, the village has a lot of people intend to move away.